| Common Name | European Alder |
| Family | Betulaceae |
| Genus | Alnus |
| Species | Glutinosa |
| Origin | Europe, Western Asia |
| Blooming | Spring catkins before leaves emerge |
| Leaf Color | Dark green, yellow in autumn |
| Sunlight | Shade / Half-shade |
| Category | Outdoor plants |
| Pet Friendly | Yes |
Moisture-retentive loam; tolerates heavy clay and wet conditions; nitrogen-fixing.
High water demand; thrives in boggy or riparian environments; drought intolerant.
Full sun to partial shade; requires ample light for optimal growth and leaf coloration.
Low requirement due to nitrogen-fixing ability; avoid high phosphorus fertilizers.
Minimal pruning needed; remove dead wood in late summer/autumn after catkin formation.
These are the insects and pathogens that commonly interact with this plant, including pests, parasites, and organisms typically associated with its care.
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